Analysis of Country School

Country School – Allen Curnow By Abdulla Al-Muhannadi In this poem ‘Country School’, Curnow basks in reminiscence of his old school where he drifts away in recalling his childhood. As this poem re? ects childhood reminiscence, the narrator seems to realise that things aren’t as dull and bad as they seemed before, along with the portrayal of the overall issue of ageing. However, the tone of the narrator seems to sway between enthusiastic and apathetic as there are many times when the tones seem to differ between two extremes. The persona is describing a country school that seems to be somewhat dilapidated in condition. The vivid image drawn by the alliterative phrase ‘paint all peeled’ supports the fact that the school is indeed deteriorating. ‘Tufts topping’ enables the reader to visualise a country school architecture, with ‘pinus tufts’ on its ‘roof ridge’, establishing an image of a typical country school. Through the usage of colloquial language, these vivid images hold more detail then one might think they do at ? rst. For instance, the word ‘dunny’ evolves a picture of local Australian toilets enlightening the audience to the smallest of details. Furthermore, ‘girls squeal skipping’ conjures up an auditory image as the little children are playing around him (supported by the sibilance). Several kinds of onomatopoeia help to describe what the persona is experiencing. THe ? uid ‘r’ sounds in ‘rank’ and ‘roof-ridge’ help to integrate the ideas, linking them and helping form a wider image of the country school. Also, the ‘b’ sounds in ‘bargeboard, weatherboard’ and ‘gibbet belfry’ calls attention to the detailed observation, helping build up a solid image. Curnow employs parallelism as well as repetition in order to create links in this poem. The parallel comparison, or contrast, of ‘how small; how sad’, draws a link with how he seems to be recalling his days back in school. The passing of time and his ageing is revelaed as the very doors that seemed huge from a child’s point of view, are now described as being rather ‘small’. The persona refers to himself as a third person and this is deduced through the repetition of the word ‘you’. Perhaps the persona had a rough time reconnecting with his old school that he felt more comfortable referring to himself as a third person rather than ? rst. The rhyme scheme is irregular; perhaps something that re? cts his irregular pattern of this recollection of memories. It also reveals the lack of assurance, and the hard time he seems to have re-adjusting to his past. ALthough is does follow an imperfect rhyme scheme (e. g. topping-skipping; waves-eaves; than-began; small-wall), the ? uctuating rhymes and discordant sounds allows the audienc e to notice his discomfort while revisiting his school. Curnow has made use of an unstable structure (so to speak), for the poem doesn’t hold a constant number of stanzas, rather it begins with 3 and 5-lined stanzas and ends with two 4-lined stanzas. This growth of stability, signi? ed by the proper structure of the last two stanzas, re? ects the growth or the increase in the poet’s clarity of understanding. It’s as though he ? nally realised that the very things that were unsettling or intimidating to him as a child (e. g. ‘terrible doors’) are not as bad as they looked. This minor epiphany seems to be mimicked by the structure of the poem itself. Similarly, the narrator seems to get distracted momentarily and this can be shown in the second stanza after ‘Pinus betrays’. While observing the pinus he drifts away into talking about how they function. However, he does get back on track in the third stanza (‘for scantling pinus’) as his focus shifts back to the tall trees that seem to be guarding the school. There is the use of enjambment as well: ‘‘paint all peeled on bargeboard’, ‘scattering bravely Nor’ West gale’, etc. This suggests the pace at which the narrator seems to be remembering his past and the sense of excitement is established with this upbeat pace. The poet employs colloquial language, chie? y to perhaps connect with his audience and communicate on an informal level by talking about something as casual as ‘school’. Gibbet belfry’ would be an example of his simplistic yet local language helping the reader further visualise the school and its locality in detail. The idea that the school started along with the persona himself brings into notice that it might not be as old as one would think. ‘you call it old’ further suggests that he i s merely just referring to the school as being ‘old’ when it’s not in actuality. The idea of ageing has been linked to the pinus trees that grow mature ‘in less than the life of a man’. This line suggests that the time period for a tree to gain maturity is lesser than the time taken for humans. The word ‘scantling’ further backs this idea for as it describes the measurement of the maturity of the tree and to deduce its time of harvest. Similarly, the word ‘terrible’ implies that the poet wasn’t actually fond of the tiny doors when he was a child, and its reference as being ‘sad’ suggests its dilapidated state. It’s through words like these that the audience is able to sense a hint of unpleasantness in the poet’s past as he fails to hold an optimistic approach to this walk down memory lane. Rather the tone seems to be somber and melancholic. Furthermore, it insinuates that the narrator pities the state of his school. This poem holds a variety of ? gures of speech used and this perhaps re? ects the variety of emotions he himself goes through in this nostalgic visit to his old school. Alliterative phrases such as ‘paint peeled’, ‘roof-ridge’ and ‘tufts topping’ all help the audience in building up a vivid image of the school. A similar imagery effect is achieved through the series: ‘bargeboard, weatherboard and gibbet belfry’. Using neologism (made-up word), the phrase ‘snub-worn’ points out that the school isn’t in the best of its condition as the ? oors have worn out. The pinus trees that portray the same pace of ageing have been personi? d as they’ve been accused of betraying the school and not guarding the roof rom the rattling ‘Nor’ West gale’. However, the trees have also been described as ‘scattering bravely’, perhaps an attempt to denote the nobility of what the tree is doing for the school (by scattering the strong winds and defending the meek school structure). This task of the trees has been compared to the ‘reef’ through the analogy ‘as a reef its waves’ for the wind is scattered just as the tidal waves are scattered by the reef, drawing an interesting comparison with the two elements wind and water. In addition, the comparison of the ages between the narrator himself and the trees establishes through the usage of polyptoton (where words/phrases derived from the same root are repeated) ‘less than a life of a man’ and ‘together your lives began’ further stating the common point in time as they simultaneously began this process of ageing. The poet holds a humorous, as well as a sarcastic, tone when saying ‘O sweet antiquity’ as it’s been made clear that they’re not so old, let alone antique. Curnow has successfully, in my opinion, demonstrated through this persona, someone who seems to be in denial of growing old. It’s obvious that the narrator is just as old as the school, but we ? nd him calling the school antique, suggesting that he doesn’t feel like he’s getting older but ? nds it okay to exaggerate other’s age (sort of comedically hypocritical I would say! ). Through the poem, I’ve realised that it’s still possible to savour the past without having to hold the same perspective. In that sense, times change and so does one’s perspective, however, it doesn’t mean that things remain the same throughout and the very things that seemed unpleasant once upon a time might seem laughable now (as Curnow clearly demonstrated in the poem).

Davinci Apps

Abstract The transfer from Davinci Apps to Rome, Italy requires substantial information in order to be informed. This report provides a well-balanced format consisting of critical elements that may be needed during the process. With many similarities as well as distinct differences, this report illustrates many of the needed considerations. 1 Introduction This report aims to relay critical elements of the operations of Davinci Apps located in Rome, Italy. Beginning with a brief overview detailing the macro-level factors related to the region, this report will turn to a value description utilizing the Hofstede theory. Following these segments will be an analysis of the management and business culture in Italy with reference to the Japan as a comparison. A combination of the components of this report will allow for a comprehensive conclusion alongside three base recommendations for success. This report will evaluate the Roman market in comparison with Japans operation in order to generate applicable operations advice for the new management for Davinci Apps in Rome.1.2 Macro level ElementsThe city of Rome, Italy serves as the nation’s capital with a moderate sea side climate (Gfmag.com, 2014). With historical, environmental and cultural tourism draws, there is a dynamic and diverse migrant population (Istat.it, 2014). With a bicameral system of government the two houses, Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic, headed by the Prime Minister dictate law and policy in the nation (Istat.it, 2014). Predominately, the spoken language is Italian, with German and French spoken by a minority of northern regions. With a ninety per cent Roman Catholic population, there is a large Christian cultural expectation (Gfmag.com, 2014). Currently there is an estimated population of 60.9 million and rising with an expectation of near 62 million by 2017 with a median age of 43 (Grmag.com, 2014). Economic factors including composition by GDP factor: agriculture 1%, Industry: 25.2% and services at 72.9 % as of the 2011 estimate (Grmag.com, 2014:1). 2012 saw an increasing unemployment rate of 9.5 followed by a decrease over the 2013 fiscal year (Istat.it, 2014). Standards and Poor’s currently ranks Italy a BBB+ with Moody’s a Baa2 alongside a negative outlook (Grmag.com, 2014:2). 2010 witnessed Italy with an estimated world share of GDP of 2.41 %; however, the 2015 estimate indicates a decrease to 1.98% (Grmag.com, 2014:1). This fact supports the Real GDP numbers that indicate a continual decrease in economic strength for the nation as a whole (Istat.it, 2014:1). However, recent trends suggest that a positive turnaround is possible increasing economic viability (Istat.it, 2014:1). 1.3 Hofstede Value Italy compared to Japan Hofstede’s model is a valued method of assessing cultural differences in order to gain fuller understanding (Signorini, Wiesemes and Mur phy, 2009).1.3.1 Power distancePower distance is commonly identified as â€Å"the extent the less powerful entities within a country expect power to be distributed equally† (Hofstede, 2011:45). Northern Italy scores a 50 which speaks to the preference for equality and decentralisation of power and decision-making (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014:1). However, in Southern Italy the PDI are high and nearly the very opposite of Northern Italy. The related score of 54 illustrates that Japan is similar in this context, speaking to the recognition of value in equality by both cultures (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014).1.3.2 IndividualismThis segment has to do with whether people?s self-image plays a cultural role (Hofstede, 2011). .With a score of 76, Italy is rated as an Individualistic culture, which in turn creates a â€Å"me† centred society (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014:1). This effect is felt most in the North where people feel alone in the middle of a big crowd. Southern Italy exhibits less individualistic behaviour which is present in the family network as well as the group each one belongs (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014). In this culture, events including weddings or Sunday lunches cannot be missed. Standing in contrast to the Italian score is the collective score of 46 for Japan, indicating an area of substantial cultural difference (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014). Individualism is often frowned upon by the Eastern approach1.3.3 MasculinityA high score (masculine) on this segment is indicative of a society driven by competition, success and achievement. Conversely, a lower score (feminine) indicates societal values including caring for others and an increased quality of life (Hofstede, 2011). At 70 Italy is a masculine society – meaning it is very highly success oriented (Geert-hostede.com, 2014:1). As an example that this society holds, their offspring are taught at an early age that competition is beneficial. It is common for the Italian culture to illustrate su ccess by status symbols such as cars, houses, yachts and vacations to exotic countries. This factor adds to the factor that competition among colleagues for making a career can be very strong (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014). Much like Italy Japan ranks as a very masculine society with a rating of 95 (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014).1.3.4 Uncertainty avoidanceThis component addresses members of a culture feel that may threaten by ambiguous or events and has created institutions in order to avoid these circumstances (Hofstede, 2011). At 75, Italy scores high on uncertainty avoidance (Geert-hofestede.com, 2014). This is an indication that Italians are not comfortable in uncertain situations. Formality in Italian society is a critical element of day to day activities with this fact represented by the strict Italian penal and civil code (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014). It is common for emotion to play a role in society and culture with individuals that cannot keep them inside and must express them. At a score of 92, Japan is considered one of the most uncertainty avoiding nations in the world (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014). This is an area that is mirrored closely is both cultures, making integration easier.1.3.5 PragmatismThis element focuses on how people in the past as well as today deal with the fact that so much that happens cannot be truly explained (Hofstede, 2011). In this category Italy’s high score of 61 illustrates that the Italian culture is relatively pragmatic. The people believe that truth depends on the situation, time and context. Boasting a score of 88 Japan is one of the most pragmatic societies (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014).1.3.6 IndulgenceThis element is the extent to which people try to control their desires (Hofstede, 2011). Weak control is â€Å"indulgence† and strong control is â€Å"restraint†. With the score of 42, Japan is deemed to be a culture of restraint.30 demonstrates that the Italian culture is one of restraint (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014). 2 Business and management culture in Italy2.1 Values and GlobalizationAs the Geer-hofstede.com (2014) results indicate the Italian culture heavily prefers an equal centre of power. The individualistic nature of the Italian value system will require substantial adjustment on the part of a collective culture Japanese transfer. Erikson (2007) argues that the migrants into the Italian culture often fare well as there are several beneficial transnational entrepreneurship assets. There is a very high Italian cultural value placed on the family, and social functions, which can in turn lead to social acceptance (Society, 2014). The topics of family, food, women, weather and love top the list of common discussions in Rome. This societal value system reaches back to the base difference between the Confucian, or Oriental method of collective thinking that recognizes that each element is related as opposed to the Aristotelian method of treating each component on an individual basis (Noble, Sande r and Obenshain, 2013). There is a distinct separation of value as regards the areas of self-expression and autonomy with the individualistic Italian culture, illustrating a lasting commitment to a more outspoken nature (Noble et al, 2013). As a whole, Rome is considered an individualistic culture when compared to the interdependent society of Japan (Tierney, 2014). The Geocentric approach illustrated by the population of Rome recognizes the potential for gain in the emerging markets, making integration popular in the region (Cicione, 2014).2.2 Decision makingWith a distinct separation from the Japanese cultural tradition of holism, the Italian culture focuses on analytical decision making utilizing a methodical approach for each individual element (Tierney, 2014). In addition to the highly competitive environment, the shift from the Japanese method of Collectivism to the Italian Individualism will require substantial adjustment for new transfers (Nobel et al, 2014).2.3 Negotiation & CommunicationSocietal d ifferences can have a direct impact on the method of communication and negotiation (Solomon and Schell, 2009). A person living in an individualistic society, such as Italy, will commonly make self-centred decisions (Tierney, 2014). This is opposed to the collective tendency shown in the Japanese culture. Further, the individualistic culture does not place the value on age and experience that the Japanese collective culture does, making each interaction with Italian citizens more complex (Nobel et al, 2013).2.4 Leadership & Cultural IntelligenceIt is necessary to understand a culture in order to become an effective leader (Nobel et al, 2014). As there is a highly independent nature among the Italians, each of their decisions will be based on what is best for that person, as opposed to the group mentality found in Japanese society. There is a high tendency of the Italian society to want a transactional form of leadership that remains open and prefers teamwork (Euwema, Wendt and Van Em merik, 2007). Too much oversight in the workplace is construed as a reflection of the individual work tendencies. This stands in sharp contrast to the collective leadership tendencies most firms exhibit in Japan (Nobel et al, 2014). There is a strong need for the Italian culture to possess personal views and objectives, making each one an individualistic effort (Tierney, 2014). However, this element is tempered with the high value on family and collective infrastructure, which is similar in Japan (Nobel et al, 2014). The autocratic strain of leadership is the found in Italy in contrast to the more Confucian, or male leader approach found in Japan (Nobel et al, 2014). With a much wider acceptance of the female in the role of leadership, there is a reduced amount of social bias associated with the genders, making the Italian culture easy to integrate into (Tierney, 2014). Further, this perception of bias in the workplace is reduced making potential success realistic in the workplace. 3 Conclusion This report has highlighted several elements that should be considered during the coming move. With a clear difference between the Japanese and Italian/Roman cultures, there are many pitfalls to avoid. Yet, the similarities inherent in each culture provide a sound beginning point from which to progress. Three points of advice have been developed as a consequence of this analysis: 1) The Hofstede model as well as the corresponding literature has illustrated the individualistic tendencies of the Roman culture, yet, there is a very strong undercurrent of social associations becoming beneficial. In order to more easily assimilate, both in the work place and socially, find a social expression that actively involves the person with the Italian culture. In this case that could be religion, sports or hobbies that take place in the company of others. 2) In the process of leadership, recognize the individual needs of each person. The Italian society operates in a manner that is based on competition and personal accomplishment rather than the larger collective organisation. In order to foster the best possible work environment there will be a need to amend the workplace expectations. 3) As reflected in the both the Italian and Japanese culture, there is a high value placed on the capacity for a person to have personal restraint and integrity. The best possible method of accruing respect in the work place is to have a plan in place that is both balanced and well considered, and in the presence of controversy present a calm exterior. This will translate into a perception of calm competency, which is highly prized in Roman culture. In the end, this report has illustrated that there are many similar elements between the cultures of Japan and Italy, yet, substantial differences. Will careful consideration alongside informed action, the transfer from the Japan office of Davinci Apps has every expectation of being a well throughout enterprise that will be of great value to each person involved. References Cicione, M. 2014. Culture & Traditions in Rome, Italy. [online] Available at: http://traveltips.usatoday.com/culture-traditions-rome-italy-11465.html [Accessed: 17 Mar 2014]. Eriksen, T. H. 2007. Globalization. Oxford: Berg. Euwema, M. C., Wendt, H. and Van Emmerik, H. 2007. Leadership styles and group organizational citizenship behavior across cultures. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 28 (8), pp. 1035–1057. Geert-hofstede.com. 2014. Italy – Geert Hofstede. [online] Available at: http://geert-hofstede.com/italy.html [Accessed: 17 Mar 2014]. Gelf, Erez, M. and Aycan, Z. 2007. Cross-cultural organizational behavior. Annu. Rev. Psychol., 58 pp. 479–514. Gfmag.com. 2014. Italy GDP Data & Country Report | Global Finance. [online] Available at: http://www.gfmag.com/gdp-data-country-reports/249-italy-gdp-country-report.html#axzz2w6DeKZCE [Accessed: 17 Mar 2014]. Hofstede, G. 2011. Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context. Online readings in psycholog y and culture, 2 (1), p. 8. Istat.it. 2014. Istat.it. [online] Available at: http://www.istat.it/en [Accessed: 17 Mar 2014]. Kaltenbrunner, A., Arag’On, P., Laniado, D. and Volkovich, Y. 2013. Not all paths lead to Rome: Analysing the network of sister cities. arXiv preprint arXiv:1301.6900. Nobel, D., Sander, J. and Obenshain, C. 2013. Using microworlds to understand cultural influences on distributed collaborative decision making in C2 settings. Shi, X. and Wang, J. 2011. Interpreting Hofstede Model and GLOBE Model: Which Way to Go for Cross-Cultural Research?. International Journal of Business & Management, 6 (5). Signorini, P., Wiesemes, R. and Murphy, R. 2009. Developing alternative frameworks for exploring intercultural learning: a critique of Hofstede’s cultural difference model. Teaching in Higher Education, 14 (3), pp. 253–264. Society, N. 2014. Rome Cultural Tips — National Geographic’s Ultimate City Guides. [online] Available at: http:// travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/city-guides/rome-cultural-tips/ [Accessed: 17 Mar 2014]. Solomon, C. and Schell, M. S. 2009. Managing across cultures: The 7 keys to doing business with a global mindset. McGraw-Hill, Inc.. Tierney, W. G. 2008. The impact of culture on organizational decision-making. Sterling, Va.: Stylus Pub.

The History of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution - 980 Words

Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. (Dobzhanski, 1973) It was during his journey on board the Beagle that Darwin developed his theory of evolution. â€Å"On the Origin of Species† (Darwin, 1859) proposed two main principles: evolution really occurs and natural selection is its mechanism. This work published on 24th November 1859 traces a coherent portrait of life bringing together in an orderly manner an astonishing variety of apparently independent facts. It led biologists to concentrate on the diversity of organisms, their origins and their relation, their similarities and their differences, their geographical distribution and their adaptation to various environments. Darwin (1859) arrived at two main†¦show more content†¦The need for food fashions the animal model. All which seem to have been gradually produced during many generations by the perpetual endeavour of the creatures to supply the want of food and to have been delivered to their posterity with constant improvement of them for the purposes required (Darwin, 1794-1796: section 39, â€Å"Of generations†). Finally the need for safety intervenes specifically in the specific shaping of the legs which enables animals to be more adapted to flee. However, this large visionary misses the mechanism which would make it possible to explain these adaptations. Jean Baptiste Lamarck Jean Baptiste Lamarck presented his theory on the transformation of species for the first time in 1800 in his â€Å"Discours d’Ouverture de l’an VIII†. He proposed: The animals most imperfect, simply organized, those suspected in a world hardly endowed with animality, are perhaps those by which nature began when, with a lot of time and favourable circumstances, it has wrought all the other (Lamarck, 1801: 12). 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Teenage Pregnancy Essay Topics - Is it a Scam?

Teenage Pregnancy Essay Topics - Is it a Scam? Understanding Teenage Pregnancy Essay Topics If your pregnancy is high-risk or you don't think that you're able to handle schoolwork, you might want to appear into classes towards earning your GED on your own moment. Teenagers are unable to get a nice education, and a few teens don't understand the things that they wish to do with their lives. Together with health difficulties, teenage mothers are usually less inclined to finish high school, which decreases their opportunities to find adequate higher education, then locate a job to sustain themselves, and their youngster. On the same note, they should be counseled and left to stay in school besides encouraging proper nutrition. An unexpected pregnancy can be immensely problematic for a young couple to raise independently, and can readily prevent young women and men from achieving their life goals as a result of responsibilities thrust upon them. Additional the social results of t he teenage mother is wanting since they miss their odds to experience the entire education system, have minimal possibility of securing job opportunities in addition to the deterioration of their wellness. The problem of teen pregnancy has been a substantial issue in many nations all over the world. A teenager can face several challenges during a pregnancy that may include health concerns, family complications, judgment from peers and mental problems. Type of Teenage Pregnancy Essay Topics Introduction Thesis Teen pregnancy is due to an array of issues and absence of parental guidance and support is merely one of many causes. The vaccine made by our group of researchers is promising in the struggle against the virus. A proper nursing diagnosis is critical in the evolution of an effective nursing treatment program. These educational difficulties and disabilities can result from the single marital status, higher poverty prevalence and very low amount of education of the teenag e mothers. The War Against Teenage Pregnancy Essay Topics A terrific means of creating topics on the topic of teenage pregnancy is to read what has been written and discussed on the news. In the present age, it's challenging to prevent teenagers from accessing sexual content on the web or through other channels. To get ideas on how best to compose your own pregnancy essay successfully you are able to get tips from other pregnancy essays which are already published on the net. There are numerous pregnancy essays with unique titles and unique topics. You've got a possibility to select one of the greatest topics for argumentative essay from our list! Therefore, the topic ought to be debatable! Topics such as these shouldn't be ignored. If you're on the lookout for shocking essay topics on this theme then you might be fighting to think of a very good title. Teenage Pregnancy Essay Topics Yes, a baby is truly cute and all, but teenagers really will need to consider what they're getting themselves into. If a girl is getting pregnant but they don't want to have the kid, they will choose to abort. Furthermore, a teenage mother lacks information about ways to take care of the infant and will overlook neonatal care completely. Actually, being a teenage mother is genuinely difficult, even in contrast to regular pregnancy. Teenage Pregnancy Essay Topics and Teenage Pregnancy Essay Topics - The Perfect Combination To summarize, teenage pregnancy is a crucial issue in the current society, which is affecting overall society. The m ajority of teenagers in the usa engage in sexual activity even if they don't understand the outcome of their actions merely to please friends ending up with teenage pregnancy. Thus, a teenager needs to be ready to such obstacles and realize all of the value of following nursing program and parents' pieces of advice, which would earn a positive effect on the upbringing of the kid. Sometimes, he may be influenced to engage in sexual activity even when they do not understand the consequences of the act. Teen pregnancy is a lengthy road. Abortion isn't safe too. If you want to find out more about healthy choices while pregnant, visit our Healthy Teen Pregnancy page. Your pregnancy essay should chat about all of the facts of pregnancy. Therefore, the majority of them are sensitized to the value of using contraceptives. Limited information regarding contraception is just one of the primary reasons why teenage pregnancy is rising. Researchers claim that abstinence cannot be regarded as as effective approach to educating teenagers on preventing pregnancy. Teenage Pregnancy Essay Topics Can Be Fun for Everyone Equally, writing a persuasive essay is the best way to go when you're targeting a group of readers who have little if any awareness about the subject. Argumentative writings is a particular kind of a paper.

A Halloween Prank, By F. P. Swanson Essay - 2340 Words

A Halloween prank, which probably occurred during the era of the W. P. Swanson Confectionery, became one of Bill’s numerous favorite stories. A manure spreader parked beside Jarchow Hall on Halloween night presented an inviting target for a resourceful band of mischief seekers. Laboring late into the night, the revelers disassembled the farm implement, hoisted the parts to the top of the two-story Jarchow Hall, and reassembled it straddling the ridge of the full pitched roof. The residents of Harris awoke to the amusing spectacle of a manure spreader perched on top of one of the tallest buildings in town.25 Bill never admitted complicity in the incident. However, in a probable scenario, expecting a bustling business on a holiday that brings people out of their homes, he clerked at the store that evening, and, as he did when asked to fill-in with a band, too willingly succumbed to a diversion. Captivated by the gumption of the pranksters to execute their brilliant plans, Bill probably remained outside to sidewalk-superintended the project with advice and perhaps even the loan of tools. Undoubtedly, on the subsequent morning after hastily completing his farm chores, Bill returned to the scene to witness the retrieval of the manure spreader and to good naturedly delight in the victim’s exasperation. An unfortunate incident occurred toward the conclusion of the 1920s, when robbers broke into Bill, Clara, and Anton’s garage and stole their brand-new Buick automobile. On

Analyse Social Media As A Communication Medium In A Crisis Situation

Question: Discuss about the Analyse Use Of Social Media As A Communication MediumIn A Crisis Situation. Answer: Introduction Crisismanagement is one of the important critical functions of the organisation. The function involves planning response to the events that are unpredictable. The effects of the unfold crisis undermines the ability of the country to manage it effectively. This results in serious harm to the people, structures, assets dignity of the country. The increasing demand of the social media tools has brought significant changes in the landscape of the crisis management. The social media has considerably been used in many critical situations to manage the issues. The social media has been used by the organisation to disseminate news and they gather information and study the information efficiently effectively. The use of social media requires being made with due care to prevent a crisis (Cheung, 2007). This has the ability to prevent the crisis and at another hand, this can also aggravate an unfolding crisis event. The social media can be an immediate media for managing the crisis and comin g out of the difficulties. The social media also can be dangerous for ventilating wrong messages. The social media has been used by the people to spread the wrong message in the community. The present situation discusses a crisis when a man enters the company with a gun which indicates something wrong is impending. In the absence of the manager, the responsibility is bestowed on the assistant manager to manage the crisis which is very difficult to handle. The news was communicated to the manager of the organisation by one employee of the organisation. The intimation was considered as wrong as the responsibility of managing the crisis was the assistant manager. The employee has done the job immediately in order to intimate the crisis to the manager although the manner is on leave. The action initiated by the employee was not meant to violate the hierarchy. This was meant to communicate the manager to take immediate action during the crisis. Thus it is a matter of debate for every concern on the importance of social media in disseminating information and the merit and demerit of it. The use of social media as the means of communication becomes a subject for introspection in these kinds of situations. The role of social media for the communication of information is undeniable. The social media is used as a tool to communicate information. The use of the communication defines whether it has a good or bad impact. The same tool can be used for negative impact and similarly, this can also be used positively for facilitating and developing the speed breadth of communication. Thus the use of the social media as a tool for the preparedness of the crisis, response to the crisis and recovery from the crisis is very much important. The correct use of the social media effectively to respond a crisis is very much important. The appropriate use of social media and best practices can strengthen the management of crisis and develops the abilities of every organisation to use it as when it requires. Understanding the landscape of the social media In an ordinary sense, social media is a medium of facilitating social interaction the communication that is done with the help of the internet-based platform that is done online. Social media tools are of different categories (The Washington Times, 2009). Social media sites like Facebook, Twitters, blogs etc are the sites that work very fast to disseminate information. The other social sites that are very active like YouTube, Flickr etc., those are used to communicate content, photos, audio videos very quickly to the people. Google is a social review site which offers immediate information to the users. The collective features of the social media are to connect people across the globes and help to connect users from one source to another source with the help of web link. Use of social media in management of crisis The nature of the crisis is very complex. The crisis can move at a very fast speed and with the use of the social media, it becomes very dangerous. Thus it is always important to aware the people to use social media to enhance the capacity of the community to anticipate and prepare the crisis(Bakx, 2012). Social media manager plays a vital role in sensitizing people the importance of the social media. Social media for the crisis management of the organisation and for communication plan Organisations utilise the social media tools effectively for the management of the crisis. The purpose of the use of the social media tools in the organisation is to share content and to utilise people or engage them effectively and creatively. Appropriate handling of a situation depends on the capabilities of the crisis manager who is engaged in gathering information on the changing environment and this is very much important for the people those who are affected by it. For generating actionable knowledge, the tools of the social media will be a considered as a support for the process of the decision making at the appropriate time (Cole, 2009). Social media has been considered as a source for collecting and transmitting information to a numerous audience. It becomes a means of gathering information on the existing challenges and to get innovative ways and effective solutions in order to enhance the management of the crisis. There is a need of making an analysis of the emerging issues and the cross-cutting effects of them are very complex. The social manager takes the help of the social media to make an analysis of interdependencies of the data and the associated relationships in order to offer a better knowledge on the emerging issues and their effects. For the communication plan, the social media is very helpful. The tools are very useful to integrate streamline the processes of the crisis management in order to satisfy the needed information for all the involved stakeholders. This is very helpful for improving the speed accuracy of the communication of the crisis. The role of social media tools during the phases of the crisis management The crisis management can be divided into three phases. They are: (i) preparedness for the crisis, (2) response to the crisis, (3) recovery from crisis During the phase of the preparedness of the crisis, the organisation focuses on preventive activities that can immediately reduce the risks. The team of the crisis management is trained and planning is made to manage the crisis. During the phase of the crisis response, the focus is given on the quick effectiveness of the immediate response (Kotsiopoulos, 2017). There is always a need for the awareness of the situation quickly in order to help the authorities respond to the situation effectively soon after the crisis is found. The employee of the organisation took the similar step by informing the authority about the crisis that was hit to the organisation(ALEJANDRO, 2017). The employee made the right action to communicate the situation. Although the manager was on leave and the assistant manager was in the charge of taking a decision. But the employees did not breach the law of hierarchy rather he took the social media as a medium to ventilate the information immediately. This is very imperative to say that in this critical situation the effective use of the social media tool is very critical(instituteforpr.org, 2014). This is very critical to use the community networks for gathering, analyzing disseminatin g information in the appropriate time. The employee of the organisation took immediate step to ventilate the information to the manager without making delay(JCC PRO, 2017). The timely information could make the manager take necessary action and help the assistant manager to take immediate steps to face the crisis. In the phase of the recovery of crisis, this is very important for the crisis manager to make a long-term plan and to work for establishing the normal situation after the situation is handled. The social media is very useful for the crisis management of an organisation. The social media can be sued for the disseminating the information and making plan and train people for the disaster management (Branson, 2013). This is also helpful for the collaborative problem solving and for making a decision. This is also used for gathering information. In the context of the incident, we can conclude that the employee has done no mistake in providing the information to the manager with the help of social media (Forbes, 2013). The social media will help for the collaborative problem solving and for making the decision jointly. This will ultimately help the assistant manager to get instant help from the manager and the situation can be handled easily (Daugherty, 2009). Need of the strategic guidelines The crisis management is also like any kind ofproject management of the organisation. The crisis management plan has to be made so that the organisation will remain ready to face any kind of disaster in the future. The organisation should have clear and appropriate guidelines for use of social media tools for the management of the crisis. The guideline should focus on the need for the rules to ensure the process of putting the information in the social media in a timely manner (Coombs, 2007). The guidelines of the organisation should also ensure that which information should be ventilated through social media and which information should be kept confidential. The social media should also be used for obtaining the critical intelligence (MARASSI, 2014). As the social media is the only channel to intimate the information to the users about the crisis thus the guidelines should be framed for the successful and accurate information dissemination. There is also a need for the capability development. There is also a need for detecting mechanism so that the crisis will be discovered (Kazokiene, 2011). The social media will engage the active groups on the social media to contribute during the crisis. The social media will help to make analysis of the preparedness and the responses to the crisis. Role of social media in the business communication plan A business communication plan is prepared by the management of the organisation to communicate the information related to the organisation to all the stakeholders. The management of the organisation informs the stakeholders about the development of the strategies, plans, performance, requirements, policies, meeting plan and all other required things for the development of the organisation (Flynn, 2011). A communication plan is prepared by the management o the company to intimate the information from one source to others. The communication is made through the meeting, email and general meeting etc. The social media will be helpful to make the communication plan successful (Cormode Krsihnamurthi, 2008). The social media will also be helpful for quick dissemination of the information. The management of the companies intimates the stakeholders of the organisation about the changes and developments. The immediate information ventilated to all comes into force immediately. Thus social media helps the organisation to have a successful communication plan. The communication plan helps the organisation to communicate the strategies and the required information to all the stakeholders. Conclusion The use of Smartphone has brought significant changes in the medium of disseminating the information and connecting people of different places. There is an urgent need of carefully considering the applications of the social media. The applications of the social media can also be incorporated in order to manage the crisis and for the effective management of the critical situations. The technologies of the social media help citizens of a country for the crisis of the management with a greater role. These technologies help the people in preparing for managing crisis that helps to build flexible communities. There is always a need to take necessary actions against such crisis and encourage people to help each other during the time when the crisis is faced. The crisis management team of the organisation should take all the responsibilities to manage the crisis. Bibliography ALEJANDRO, J. (2017). Download 'Journalism in the Age of Social Media' (PDF). Retrieved 04 16, 2017, from https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/.../Journalism%20in%20the%20Age%20of%20 Bakx, M. (2012). the role of social media in crisis communication from a democratic. Retrieved 04 16, 2017, from essay.utwente.nl/62391/1/MSc_M_Bakx.pdf Branson, E. (2013). Campaign in a Box: Creating a Universal Public Relations Plan for. Retrieved 04 16, 2017, from digitalcommons.calpoly: digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1070context=joursp Cheung, V. (2007). The Power of Social Networking Sites, CNET Asia. Retrieved 04 16, 2017, from https://asia.cnet.com/blogs/hktechphooey/post.htm?id=63001502. Cole, R. (2009). Social Media: What Does it Mean for Public Managers?,. Public Management., 8-12. Coombs, W. T. (2007). Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, Managing, and responding. Los Angeles: Sage. Cormode, G., Krsihnamurthi, B. (2008, Cormode,G. and Krishnamurthy). Key differences between Web 1.0. Retrieved 04 2017, 2017, from https://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2125/19 Daugherty, E. (2009). Strategic Planning in Public Relations: A Matrix that Ensures Tactical Soundness. Retrieved 04 16, 2017, from Public Relations: Strategies And Tactics, 9/E: https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=8131727432 Flynn, S. a. (2011). Connecting America: Building Resilience with Social Media. Forbes, S. P. (2013). Applying Strategic management to Publci Relations. The Public Relations Journal, 48(3), 32. instituteforpr.org. (2014, 09 23). Crisis Management and Communications (Updated September 2014 ... Retrieved 04 16, 2017, from www.instituteforpr.org Research Library Crisis Management JCC PRO. (2017). the role of social media in crisis preparedness, response and ... - OECD. Retrieved 04 16, 2017, from www.oecd.org/.../The%20role%20of%20Social%20media%20in%20crisis%20prepare Kazokiene, L. (2011). Criteria for the Evaluation of Public Relations Effectiveness - CiteSeerX. Retrieved 04 16, 2017, from citesserx.ist.psu,edu: citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.922.6052rep=rep1 Kotsiopoulos, I. (2017). Social Media in Crisis Management: Role, Potential and Risk. Retrieved 04 16, 2017, from https://www.cosmic-project.eu/sites/default/files/conferences/Social%20Media%20in%20Crisis%20Management.pdf MARASSI, V. (2014). A Global Perspective on Social Media and the Culture of Autonomy. Retrieved 04 16, 2017, from https://wpmu.mah.se/nmict142group8/2014/10/10/a-global-perspective-on-social-media-and-the-culture-of-autonomy/ The Washington Times. (2009, 06 19). Irans Twitter Revolution,. The Washington Times.

What factors determine the place and different degree of word stress free essay sample

Phoneticians divide syllables into strong (heavy) and weak (light). A strong syllable contains a long vowel or a diphthong or a short vowel plus two consonants; syllables with a short vowel and no coda are weak ones. Only strong syllables can be stressed (although not all of them), but weak syllables are never stressed. Factors that may determine the placement of stress are: the morphological structure of the word (whether it is simple, complex or compound), its grammatical category (noun, verb, adjective, etc. The word stress in English as well as in Russian is not only free, but it may also be shifting, thus differentiating lexical units, parts of speech and grammatical forms: ? contrast con? trast, ? transport trans? port, ? and the number of syllables in the word. Besides the stress pattern of English words can vary under the influence of some factors. First of all in the present day English stress can shift under the influence of rhythm to avoid a succession of weak syllables (stress shifts to the second syllable, or the third one from the end. We will write a custom essay sample on What factors determine the place and different degree of word stress? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In compounds the stress on a final-stressed compound tends to move to a preceding syllable if the following word begins with a strongly stressed syllable. The stress pattern can change under the influence of tempo as well; in this case secondary stresses are dropped. It sometimes happens that a word’s stress pattern is influenced not only by rhythm, but also by the stress structure of a derivative. Some linguists also distinguish tertiary stress, which is as weak as secondary but has a different distribution: it follows the primary stress, while the secondary stress precedes it. Tertiary stress is usually found in American English. Word stress can be fixed (or limited to a particular syllable the last in French, the last but one in Polish, the first in Czech) or free (or variable). English word-stress has many peculiarities, which make it very complicated. These peculiarities are due to the fact, that in English there are many borrowed words from different languages with various rules of syllable formation. Though stress placement in English words is free it follows certain rules.